His initial service was with a cavalry regiment in Syria. During this period he joined the reformist Motherland and Liberty secret society in opposition to Sultan Abd al Hamid II. Although he believed in the separation of the military from politics, Kemal was a member of the Committee of Union and Progress and played a role in the . During the Balkan Wars (1. Turkish amphibious landing in Thrace and the capture of Erdine from the Bulgarians. In 1. 91. 3 he was made Ottoman military attach. An Enemy To Society oyuncular Enemy to Society, An Drama. Writer: George Bronson Howard (novel) Stars: Hamilton Revelle. During the Dardanelles campaign Kemal commanded the 1. Division before being made chief of staff of the 5th Army. He displayed great leadership and tactical acumen, reacting immediately to the Allied landing at Anzac Cove in April 1. He launched successful counter- attacks against the Australians and New Zealanders as they attempted to take the high ground surrounding the landing areas. An Enemy to Society (1915) >> PE By nightfall on 2. April they had suffered over 2,0. In the weeks that followed he led his men at many of the campaign’s fiercest engagements, including the Battle of Sari Bair (6- 2. August), the Battle of Chunuk Bair at Anzac (7- 1. August) and the offensive from Sulva at Scimtar Hill (2. August). Following these battles he was granted the title of . Personally brave, Kemal expected the same from his men, declaring: . In the time it takes us to die, other troops and commanders can come and take our places.’Following these triumphs, Kemal was sent to command XVI Corps on the eastern Anatolian front. In August 1. 91. 6 he launched a successful counter- offensive against the Russians, capturing Bitlis and Mus. When the Russian Army of the Caucasus collapsed during the Revolution of 1. Kemal was transferred to Palestine. He was given command of the 7th Army, but following the loss of Baghdad, he became increasingly fearful that the war was lost. He also expressed anger at a government that was unable to supply his men with adequate weapons and supplies, and resented the transfer of supreme command from Turkish generals to the German Erich von Falkenhayn and Otto Liman von Sanders. After resigning his command in protest he accompanied the Crown Prince to Germany, visiting the Western Front and concluding that the Central Powers were defeated. Restored to his command by the new sultan, Mehed VI, he ended the war in Aleppo after his army was forced to retreat following the Battle of Megiddo. With the Ottoman capital occupied by the Allies, most of the Balkans gone and Turkey bereft of its Arab provinces, Kemal felt a personal duty to fight for the integrity of the remaining Turkish heartland of Anatolia. Posted in 1. 91. 9 as inspector general of the army in northern Anatolia, he quickly started to act independently, resigning from the Ottoman Army and helping to arouse nationalist feeling in the aftermath of the Greek landing at Smyrna. The First Great National Assembly at Ankara, now a rival power bloc to the Ottoman government in Istanbul, gathered in spring 1.
Kemal as speaker. It later elected him president. In 1. 92. 1 the Greeks advanced from Smyrna, but were held before Ankara at the Battle of Sakarya in August- September. Following this success, Kemal was made commander- in- chief with the rank of marshal. He went on the offensive the following year, capturing Smyrna in September and forcing the Greeks to evacuate Anatolia. A skilled statesmen as well as a great soldier, at the subsequent Treaty of Lausanne (1. Kemal was given a Turkey in Anatolia free of foreign troops and full control of the straits. Anger at the weakness and defeatism of the sultan in Istanbul led him to work for the abolition of the sultanate in 1. You are now lying in the soil of a friendly country. Therefore rest in peace. There is no difference between the Johnnies and the Mehmets to us where they lie side by side now here in this country of ours.. After having lost their lives on this land. They have become our sons as well.’Dr Matthew Hughes discusses Atat.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. Archives
December 2016
Categories |